Civil War and dictatorship

La Guerra Civil y el franquismo

17 July 1936–20 November 1975. The military rising of 18 July 1936 failed to take the whole country and became a three-year civil war, with German and Italian help for Franco's side and…

What happened

The military rising of 18 July 1936 failed to take the whole country and became a three-year civil war, with German and Italian help for Franco's side and Soviet help and international volunteers for the Republic. Victory in 1939 brought thirty-six years of dictatorship under General Francisco Franco: a single party, censorship, repression of the defeated, National Catholicism and, in the first years, hunger and isolation. About half a million people went into exile. From the 1950s Spain opened to the United States, tourism and emigration to Europe, and the economy grew fast in the 1960s. Franco died in November 1975 having named Juan Carlos de Borbón his successor.

Its events

1. 17 July 1936–1 April 1939: The Spanish Civil War
2. 1951: The Association of Academies of the Spanish Language

Sources

1. Ley 20/2022, de 19 de octubre, de Memoria Democrática (preámbulo) — Boletín Oficial del Estado
2. Campos de refugiados — Guía del exilio español de 1939 — Ministerio de Cultura, CIDA
3. Biografía de S.M. el Rey Don Juan Carlos — Casa de S.M. el Rey